The Particle Model
Use the particle model to explain the properties of solids, liquids, and gases — including differences in arrangement, movement, and spacing — and apply the model to explain density, compressibility, and the anomalous expansion of water
Typical age: 11–12 years
“If your child was asked why you can squash a balloon but not a water bottle full of liquid, could they explain using the idea of particles what's different about gases and liquids?”
0 / 4 mastered
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Needs first
- Drawing Particle DiagramsREQUIRED
Using the particle model to explain density, compressibility, and anomalous expansion requires fluent reading and drawing of particle diagrams
- Matter Is Made of ParticlesREQUIRED
KS3 particle model extends US KS2 introduction to matter as particles too small to see
- Solids, Liquids & GasesREQUIRED
KS3 particle model extends KS2 classification of solids, liquids and gases by observable properties
Unlocks next
- Physical vs Chemical Changes
The distinction between physical and chemical change is clearest at the particle level
- How Materials Change StateREQUIRED
Changes of state are explained using the particle model — the particle model must be understood first
- Conduction, convection, and radiation
Explaining conduction and convection at the particle level requires knowing the particle model of matter
- Atoms, Elements & CompoundsREQUIRED
Atoms and molecules are the particles referred to in the particle model — builds directly on it