🔬 Science · Polar Regions
Why Polar Seasons Are Extreme
Understand why the poles have extreme seasons — Earth's axis is tilted at about 23.5°, so as it orbits the Sun, each pole spends half the year tilted toward the Sun (continuous daylight, warmer summer) and half tilted away (continuous darkness, bitter winter); this tilt also drives the annual cycle of sea ice expanding in winter and retreating in summer, and triggers animal behaviours like migration and breeding
Typical age: 7–9 years
“Can your child explain WHY the poles have months of daylight in summer and months of darkness in winter — that it's because Earth is tilted on its axis as it goes around the Sun?”
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