Roman Republic and Empire
Explain how Rome was first governed as a republic — with elected consuls, a powerful Senate, and a distinction between patricians and plebeians — before becoming an empire ruled by emperors like Augustus (who brought peace, the Pax Romana) and Nero, and compare republican government with Athenian direct democracy
Typical age: 9–11 years
“Could your child explain the difference between the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, and compare how Rome and Athens each let people have a say in government?”
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- Hidden Voices of Greece and RomeREQUIRED
Understanding Roman society structure needed for examining enslaved people in Rome
- Inclusion and Exclusion in Athens
Comparison with Roman republican government enriches analysis
- Fall of the Western Roman EmpireREQUIRED
Must understand the Empire before understanding its fall
- Cleopatra and the End of Egypt
Egypt's end under Cleopatra connects to Roman Republic-to-Empire transition (Octavian/Augustus)
- Fall of the Roman RepublicREQUIRED
Must understand Republic-to-Empire transition before analysing its causes in depth
- Roman Law, Latin, and ChristianityREQUIRED
Law, Latin, Christianity are products of the Roman Empire